Critical Essay on ‘Follower’ Essay

A sonnet which investigates the issues of becoming more seasoned is the sonnet ‘Follower’ via Seamus Heaney. This sonnet is about Heaney’s beloved recollections of his dad taking a shot at the ranch furrowing the land. Heaney talks exceptionally of his dad and makes the impression of a tough man who was a specialist at what he done and a man who was his son’s saint. It additionally discusses how Heaney used to chase after his father as he worked and how he longed for growing up and furrowing like his father. Be that as it may, there is a wind toward the finish of the sonnet and Heaney goes from discussing how he was a disturbance to his father when he was more youthful however now his father is the inconvenience to him as he is presently old. In the principal refrain, Heaney discusses his dad and his work. He is talking profoundly of his dad and says, â€Å"The ponies endured his clicking tongue† This statement shows how his dad was a man who was incredibly acceptable at his work as it shows how his dad could control various solid livestock consummately and effortlessly just by clicking his tongue, an extremely hard activity utilizing sensible power quit worrying about just by a straightforward signal such of the snap of his tongue. The picture the peruser assembles from this statement works out in a good way for the picture of a solid, very much constructed man that we get when Heaney composes, â€Å"His shoulders globed like a full sail strung† These two statements together give a generally excellent impression of Heaney’s father. Together they give the feeling that his father was an extremely gallant figure to him and that he tried to resemble him. It gives the picture of the ideal male, a solid, agile man that was a specialist at his calling and that was an icon to his child. Be that as it may, these legend like pictures of his dad when he was more youthful are excused later on in the sonnet when Heaney expounds on how his father is not, at this point the enormous tough man that is an icon to more youthful guys yet the direct inverse, somebody who is irritating and in the method of him as opposed to being somebody who he turns upward to, chases after and tries to be. These positive statements of the youthful resilient man and the negative picture made by the last refrain go connected at the hip to show the issues of becoming more seasoned. A similar sort of thought of the negative purposes of becoming more established are proceeded in to the second refrain when Heaney keeps on discussing how his father was such a large amount of an icon to him and how his father was somebody to be turned upward to and to seek to resemble when he was more youthful and in his prime in this verse. This time Heaney says, â€Å"An master. He would set the wing† This is an amazing line. The short sentence of just two words to begin the refrain is successful as it gives the feeling that his dad wasn’t truth be told, generally excellent at his specific employment however he was a specialist, he was the best. This is indeed demonstrating how his dad was such a large amount of a symbol to him and that he was a truly decent cliché immaculate dad when he was more youthful as it shows how great his dad was at his particular employment. The second piece of the line shows that his dad knew precisely what he was doing and gives us the feeling that his dad accepted his position truly and that he was exceptionally exact and thought while doing anything in his activity, for example, setting the wing. The possibility of his father being so acceptable at his particular employment and having the option to do it easily is proceeded with when Heaney composes, â€Å"The grass turned over without breaking. At the headrig, with a solitary pluck† The statements ‘without breaking’ and ‘with a solitary pluck’ strengthen the possibility that his father was a ‘expert’ at his specific employment as they show that he could accomplish difficult work effortlessly and that he knew precisely what he was doing and that he could do it impeccably in the event that he could turn soil without it in any event, breaking and control his creatures with a ‘single pluck‘. By and by it is the negative picture of his dad given in the last verse as he is more established that shows the negative impacts of becoming more seasoned as it is so not quite the same as the picture you accumulate from the initial two refrains alone about how great his dad was at his specific employment and how solid his dad was and the amount of a symbol his dad was to him when he was more youthful. The picture of his dad being so solid and great at his specific employment in his childhood is proceeded all through the following three refrains. The possibility of him being a specialist and being somebody to admire who was solid and practically flawless is proceeded through the proceeded with utilization of statements, for example, â€Å"the perspiring team† This shows the work was difficult. In the event that the group of solid homestead ponies that where carrying out the responsibility were perspiring and tired you could just envision how much perspiration and exertion Heaney’s father would need to place in to the work. It at that point keeps on discussing his aptitude in the activity as it makes statements, for example, â€Å"Narrowed and calculated at the ground, Mapping the wrinkle exactly.† The principal line shows how his dad paid attention to his work very and that he was exact in what he done and that he ensured he done it to a decent standard in this way he needed to focus enormously on what he was doing. The subsequent line additionally restores the way that he was a specialist at his work as it shows how he mapped the wrinkle in his mind and ensured it was definite indeed indicating that he paid attention to it very and had pride in his work. Heaney then proceeds to compose, â€Å"Sometimes he rode me on his back† This gives the feeling that his dad was a definitive as he has discussed how hard his work was the point at which he expounded on the ‘sweating team’ and he was discussed how much exertion and focus that he needed to place in to his work yet he says how he despite everything even figured out how to convey his little child on his back while he did the entirety of this. Something that would make the work significantly increasingly harder and more and would make it harder to think however he despite everything did it. In any case, every one of these statements can be contrasted with the last three or so lines that show the genuine issues of becoming more established. Althought he had recorded these positive things and even said how he actually followed in his dads strides throughout the day, he completes of the sonnet by saying, â€Å"But today It is my dad who continues faltering Behind me, and won't go away.† This truly features the issue of becoming more seasoned as it shows how individuals can simply ignore somebody when they get old paying little heed to what they thought of them when they were more youthful. In spite of the fact that Heaney had revered his father when he was youthful and needed to be actually similar to him and used to bumble behind his dad and irritate him, since it is Heaney in the situation of having his dad staggering behind him and depending on him, Heaney doesn’t even need to know him. This is quite a tragic completion of the sonnet as it truly features the issues of becoming more established as it shows how it appears that once you are more seasoned and begin depending on those more youthful than you who once depended in you they don’t need to know you. In this way, as should be obvious, the creator, Seamus Heaney has been fruitful at investigating the issues of becoming more seasoned in his sonnet ‘Follower’. Heaney does this by composing most by far of the sonnet about positive focuses about his father when he was more youthful portraying him as a legend however then presenting a coldblooded turn in the last verse about how despite the fact that he once revered his father and depended on him since his father depends on Heaney, he doesn’t need to know him.

Summary of 7 Habits of Highly Effective People Essay Example for Free

Outline of 7 Habits of Highly Effective People Essay Stephen Covey’s book â€Å"The 7 propensities for profoundly powerful people† will help me in various manners in the year to come. With being compelling in my profession, yet in addition my own life and graduate school. Group discusses character and character characteristics, and utilizations an incredible case of being in Chicago and having phenomenal guide and reference abilities, however on the off chance that you have a guide of Detroit you won't have the option to discover your way around regardless of how great your auxiliary aptitudes are. This is an incredible case of how it is important to have the essential components, before your optional abilities can be utilized viably. Bunch proceeds to discuss the 7 propensities for profoundly compelling individuals in his book, and keeps on discussing the distinction in depending on character versus character morals. Brood feels that in the event that you depend on character morals and the fundamental standards are the equivalent, essentially changing outward conduct isn't compelling. He likewise discusses how individuals see things not the manner in which they are, yet how they are molded to see thing. He utilizes a case of two gatherings of individuals being demonstrated two unique photos of a youthful and elderly person. At that point the gatherings are indicated a theoretical containing qualities of both the old and young lady. Each gathering saw the picture of the image they were appeared inside the theoretical. The book presents the 7 propensities in a back to front methodology revolving around standards and character. The key focuses that I escaped perusing this book was to move toward the way that I take a gander at the world in an unexpected way. When I can understand my past molding, I would then be able to change the way that I see things so as to be progressively viable. Every one of the 7 propensities will be useful to me in my future development, achievement, and viability. The first is to be proactive. By being proactive, this way to evaluate a circumstance and building up a positive reaction for it, rather than announcing it to somebody and kicking back and sitting tight for them to think of a reaction. The other key focuses I took from the 7 propensities for exceptionally successful individuals, is to build up an individual statement of purpose and to invest energy doing what fits into my own crucial. By this I have to distinguish the key jobs I take on throughout everyday life, and set aside a few minutes for every one of these key jobs. Another key point is to search for win/win understandings and connections. This way to search for connections and understandings that are helpful to the two gatherings, and if there isn't the opportunities for a success/win to be agreeable to state â€Å"no deal†. The last three propensities I discovered very gainful to me. What I got from these is to initially hope to comprehend the other individual, and afterward look to be comprehended. Besides attempt to unravel strife and locate a superior answer for an issue through common trust and comprehension. At last, to attempt to keep up a harmony among creation and creation limit, by taking a gander at the physical, mental, social/passionate, and profound measurements. The 7 propensities for profoundly compelling individuals, has been valuable to me in various manners. It has helped me take a gander at how I see things, versus the way that I should be moving toward things. It has likewise helped me build up a statement of purpose for myself and to organize things dependent on that close to home explanation. It has likewise helped me take a gander at my creation and creation limit, and helped me attempt to comprehend individuals before trying to be comprehended. I would need to give this book a 9 out of 10.

What Are Poetic Essay Samples?

What Are Poetic Essay Samples?A lot of English teachers and students who want to improve their writing skills will read through poetic lyrics, ballads, and other kinds of essays. These essays are written by students, but most often they're required to write them on their own. This means that they'll have to practice as much as possible to get the best result.The question that many are wondering is whether there are good poetic essays samples that they can read to know how to write a poem. As an English teacher, I can tell you that not all essays are created equal. Some samples won't be suitable for your students or essays because they are poor in grammar and punctuation.Sometimes, poetic essay samples only need to sound good. They don't need to be grammatically correct. If your students are given a lyric and asked to recreate it, they will not be able to do it unless they are very good in memorizing and writing rhymes. In that case, you should prepare for the challenges ahead.You can not just find any style of literary essays. Not every student has the talent for poetry. It's better if you can give them a lyric to get their creative juices flowing. And if they're already into writing, they won't find it hard to put words together to make their essay.Once you've given them specific materials for their essay, they will have fun learning more about the subject. This will also be beneficial in that you'll be able to guide them on what to include in their essay and what to leave out. And this will make the whole process go faster.Although they're free, these lyrical essay samples can be better than some paid tutorials. It's because some teachers and tutors will do things according to a preset schedule. With others, you will only be given written assignments. But with poems samples, you will be able to ask questions, discuss the subjects, and revise your own essay even after you've written it.Aside from these free resources, you can also have websites that offer a fre e sample of a creative essay that they'll provide to anyone who would like to borrow it. These are usually filled with sample writing such as literary, political, and creative essays. You can browse through different topics that are written in English and get a glimpse of what works and what doesn't.There are a lot of ways to find good lyrical essay samples. Of course, one of the best ways to have a more thorough look at your own writing is to read them.

Operation Ceasefire A Problem Oriented Policing...

Abstract Operation Ceasefire is a problem-oriented policing intervention aimed at reducing youth homicide and youth firearms violence in Boston. Project design began in 1995 and it was implemented in 1996. It is based on the â€Å"pulling levers† deterrence strategy that focuses criminal justice attention on a small number of chronically offending gang-involved youth responsible for much of Boston’s youth homicide problem. This paper will explore the problem Operation Ceasefire is trying to solve and examine the effectiveness of its implementation through the assessment of the 7 stages of the model. Stage 1: Analyzing the Problem There was a clear need for change in Boston as youth gun violence had risen dramatically in the years leading up to Operation Ceasefire. Between 1984 and 1994, juvenile homicide victimizations committed with handguns increased by 418 percent, and juvenile homicide victimizations committed with other guns increased 125 percent (Braga, Kennedy, Waring, and Piehl 2001). During this time period, young adults (ages 18 to 24) had the largest absolute increase in homicide commission and victimization, while adolescents (ages 14 to 17) had the highest proportional increase in numbers, and with a great deal of crossfire between the two age groups (Braga, Kennedy, Waring, and Piehl 2001). The history of this problem primarily focuses on the late 1980s and early 1990s, when the rate of youth homicides increased dramatically for many cities. Specifically inShow MoreRelatedThe Effectiveness Of Gang Prevention Programs Essay1861 Words   |  8 Pagesstrategy, proble m-solving policing, and situational crime prevention. Deterrence strategy or theory states that crimes can be prevented when the costs of committing the crime are perceived by the offender to outweigh the benefits of committing the crime (Braga et al., 2001). Programs that use the theory of situational crime prevention believe that crime can be reduced by identifying and then eliminating the forces that facilitate would-be offenders’ criminal acts (Clarke, 1992). Problem-oriented policingRead MoreThe Effects Of Gun Violence On Children3143 Words   |  13 PagesStep 1: Problem Definition (Inputs) Need for Change More than 20,000 children and youth under the age of 20 years are either killed or injured by firearms every year in the United States (Garbarino, Bradshaw, Vorrasi, 2002). Even though youth gun violence is only a part of the larger issue of youth violence, it imposes detrimental effects on our children, youth, families and overall communities. Additionally, gun violence can cost us $63 to $158 billion per year (McGarrell, Chermak, Wilson, Read MoreIs Guns Off The Streets?1159 Words   |  5 Pagesbeing armed, that they can come and go in peace, that being unarmed will not cause them to be victimized, intimidated, or slain. (Wright) Programs such as Youth Firearms Violence Initiative, Project Safe Neighborhoods (PSN), Project Exile, and Operation Ceasefire, have all been successful programs in removing guns off the streets. These programs have succeeded by removing firearms from the ones that are more at risk for harming and hurting others. For programs such as these to have a greaterRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : A Serious Concern For Many Law Enforcement Agencies Essay2260 Words   |  10 Pagesgangs may be defined as â€Å"criminal organizations formed on the street operating throughout the United States† (National Gang Intelligence Center, 2011, p. 7). Street gangs are currently one of the largest problems the American criminal justice system must face, but they are not a recent problem. Historians support the theory that groups resembling street gangs were common during the Middle Ages, and some believe that even revered figures such as Saint Augustine may have been members of gang-likeRead MoreNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words   |  163 PagesFederalist Approach -Concentrates only on the problem of world order (and not national security) -World Federalist Approach says that there should be one central government to provide world order -World Federalist theorists use the United States as a basis - if whole world can be governed like the United States, then could achieve world order -Many problems with this - assumes states can be ignored into oblivion, many potential political problems -Functionalist Approach -Functionalist Approach

12th Five Year Plan - 6963 Words

Analysis of twelfth Five Year Plan 2011 Submitted By: Gautam Chimagundi 2011A08 Leena Khiani 2011A09 Asita Ajgaonkar 2011A14 Rudhreesh Kapur 2011A23 Contents 1.1 Introduction 2 2. Prospects for the Twelfth Plan 2 3. Drivers of Growth in the Twelfth Plan 2 3.1 Macro†Economic Fundamentals 2 3.2 Management and Labour Skills 2 3.3 Aspirational Drivers 2 4. Growth Targets for the Twelfth Plan 2 5. Energy 2 6. Transport 2 6.1 Roads 2 6.2 Railways 2 6.3 Ports 2 6.4 Civil Aviation 2 7. Farm Sector 2 7.1 Water Management 2 7.2 Soil Nutrient Management 2 7.3 Efficiency in Use of Chemical Fertilizers 2 7.4 New Technologies for the Farm Sector 2 8. Livestock and Fisheries 2 8.1 Improving†¦show more content†¦However, each of these needs to be nurtured and built upon with appropriate policy interventions to achieve the desired growth objective. 3.1 Macro†Economic Fundamentals The high rates of investment (over 36 per cent of GDP) and private sector savings (34 per cent of GDP) constitute strong macro†economic fundamentals supporting high growth. However, there has been a slowdown in the pace of increase in private corporate investment, in part due to the uncertainties flowing out of the global crisis and continued difficulties in world markets, and in part due to the rise in global energy and commodities prices. The uncertainties in global markets are expected to continue. Domestic inflationary pressures, particularly as reflected in rising wages, add to the uncertainty in this regard. Until recently, there was also a steady improvement in the government savings in the form of a steady reduction in the revenue deficit. This process was interrupted by the crisis of 2008/09 and the revenue deficit increased sharply thereafter, reflecting the reduction in taxation designed to counter the negative effect of the crisis, and also the decision not to raise oil prices for domestic consumers in line with rising oil prices in global markets. However, the process of restoring fiscal discipline has begun and is projected to be continued in the Twelfth Plan. Indian companies in many sectors have shown capacity for innovation, which needs to be nurtured and strengthened as weShow MoreRelatedEconomic Planning in India4733 Words   |  19 Pagesmembers of the group for their support to finish the project. 1st Five-Year Plan (1951-1956) The 1st five year plan was presented by Jawaharlal Nehru, who was the Prime Minister during that period. It was formulated for the execution of various plans between 1951 1956. The Planning Commission was responsible for working out the plan. Objectives of the 1st five year plan (1951 to 1961): The primary aim of the 1st five year plan was to improve living standards of the people of India. This couldRead MoreEnvironmental Factors in Business5042 Words   |  21 PagesBusiness Environment BBA 1st year – 2012-13 Introduction ï  ½ Business environment includes the ‘climate’ or set of conditions: economic, social, political or institutional which have a direct or indirect bearing on the functioning of business It signifies external forces, factors and institutions that are beyond the control of the business and they affect the functioning of a business enterprise. ï  ½ Features ï  ½ Business environment is the sum total of all factors internal externalRead MoreIndias Five Years Plan6466 Words   |  26 PagesOrigin Five year plans were first introduced in the erstwhile Soviet Union in 1928 for controlled and rapid economic development. Much of the Soviet industrial successes are a result of the implementation of its five year plans. In 1950, India’s prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru, impressed by the Soviet system, adopted five year plans as a model for economic development, and established the Planning Commission which was to act independent of any cabinet and was answerable only to the Prime MinisterRead More11th Five Year Plan5360 Words   |  22 Pages11th Five Year Plan of India (2007 - 2012) On the eve of the 11th Plan, our economy is in a much stronger position than it was a few Years ago. After slowing down to an average growth rate of about 5.5% in the 9th Plan period (1997 - 98 to 2001 - 02), it has accelerated significantly in recent Years. The average growth rate in the last four Years of 10th Plan period (2003 - 04 to 2006 - 07) is likely to be a little over 8%, making the growth rate 7.2% for the entire 10th Plan period. Though, thisRead MoreWorking Capital Management Case Study2396 Words   |  10 Pagesmeasured (i.e., the gross national product, or GNP) minus the amount of GNP required to purchase new goods to maintain existing stock (i.e., depreciation). (Depreciation represents an annual amount a company recognizes as the use of an asset each year. This amount ultimately reduces the assets historical value.) Both of these two are the measures of a country’s NATIONAL INCOME. 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Most impacted industries are real estate, software development and telecommunication where customers purchase package of prepayment plans along with handset and post-delivery service. For instant, Telstra will have to reconsider their ‘New Phone Feeling’ program as when applying IFRS 15 the recognition of revenue for the handset will not be zero. Instead, they will have to follow step

Dante s Inferno The Different Levels Of Hell - 1225 Words

In Dante’s Inferno, Dante presents the different levels of hell. According to Dante, there are nine levels in hell. It was not considered a good thing to be put in hell. You are sentenced to a hell according to your sin you committed. While he is in hell, Dante explores all the soul s sin on Earth and the punishment he or she receives while in Hell. The first level in Hell is called Limbo. Limbo is considered a place of sorrow without torment. All the individuals who die before being baptized and the ones who live as pagans are sentenced to spend the rest of eternity at this level. The people who die before accepting Christianity are the people being talked about. All individuals who die non-Christians, including philosophers who do†¦show more content†¦Since it is harsher his means that the level of torture subjected to the offender will also be higher. In addition, the surroundings will be characterized by dirt, filth and other bad states. The gluttons will be subj ected to states similar to those that pigs experience in this world. The fourth level will consist of misers and spendthrifts who will be subjected to roll stones crashing against each other. Greedy and prodigal people will not be counted among the righteous, but instead will be subjected to banging rocks for eternity. This punishment for spoiling the goods in this world. One of the supernatural beings perceived as a leader is Plutus, the Greek god. The Greek god is seen to be the illuminator of all prodigals and misanthropes. He will lead every one of its supporters towards this crash. This level will be more severe in terms of punishment than all the other preceding levels. The fifth level consists of the individuals guilty of wrath and sullenness. The wrathful are those who fight each other. They will be subjected to eternal conflict against each other. Anger and fury are considered to be part of the fifth level. These two acts will be subjected to many conflicts in disapproval t o one another. The wrathful will be condemned to Styx, known as the river of hate. This will bring about many lies under the marshy surfaces. The anger will be concealed just as their tempers were silently concealed behind their lives.Show MoreRelatedDantes Inferno.1698 Words   |  7 Pagesin a never-ending wind storm. Welcome to Dante s Inferno, his perspective on the appropriate punishments for those who are destined to hell for all eternity. Dante attempts to make the punishments fit the crimes, but because it is Dante dealing out the tortures and not God, the punishments will never be perfect because by nature, man is an imperfect creature. Only God is capable of being above reproach and of metering out a just punishment. 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Odysseus longs to be with his wife Penelope and Dante to be with the woman he wants to m arry BeatriceRead MoreComparing Dante And Aquinas On Happiness1377 Words   |  6 PagesLive a Diversified Life For Dante and Aquinas, happiness does not only compose a useful life on earth but also in Heaven. Dante and Aquinas were sure that continued use of Aristotle virtues would not land any of their followers in heaven. To increase chances of one entering heaven, Dante and Aquinas developed proposed the incorporation of hope, faith, and charity into the daily virtues that people possess. According to Dante and Aquinas, possession of virtues like good temper and judgement couldRead MoreDante s View Of Hell And Purgatory1251 Words   |  6 Pages When one thinks about the idea of hell, they often find their minds wandering back to the great work of Dante Alighieri in The Inferno, or better known as Dante’s Inferno. 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They both pass through the nine circles of Hell, where they witness many different punishments for those who have done awful things in their past. Good versus evil is a major theme that occurred throughout Hell. In the Inferno, there are times where DanteRead MoreAnalysis Of Dante s Divine Comedy 1201 Words   |  5 PagesCarling Champion Dante’s Divine Comedy PSYC 455 12 April 2017 Hell and God’s Love Dante Alighieri lived during the late 13th and early 14th century in Florence Italy. It was during a time when the Guelphs and Ghibellines were rivals and the Guelphs split into two different groups known as the Whites and Blacks. Dante was part of the Whites and was later exiled from Florence. During Dante’s life he had many friends and foes, which he places in his Divine Comedy. The Divine Comedy is based on

Strategic Management In Oil and Gas Merger and Acquisition

Question: Critically analysing how the strategy of merger and acquisition has been used in the energy sector during the oil price drop of 2014 to 2016. Answer: Introduction The strategic management has a significant role in recognizing the needs of organisations. It consists of setting objectives and examining the internal and external factors, affecting operations of the organisation (Sadler, 2003). In the recent decade, setting objectives, executing and implementing strategies are the most significant activities performed in the oil and gas organisations. The strategic management can enhance its effectiveness if organisations priorities get aligned with shareholders expectations, potential of corporate, and market conditions (Lynch, 2012). Therefore, to succeed in the market, it is essential for the oil and gas organisations to review and compare their performance with the prevailing companies in the market (Inkpen Moffet, 2011). The paper intends to conduct an analysis on the energy sector to evaluate the process of using merger and acquisitions as a strategy during the period of oil price drop in 2014-2016. Discussion The Impact of Internal and External Factors in the Management The strategic management in an organisation can be considered as a set of decisions, which are required to formulate by the management to obtain the designed objectives (Lynch, 2012). The scope of succeeding the strategic management consists of the decisions, time scales and activities performed in the organisation. There are mainly three phases of strategic management, namely formulating plans, executing those plans and controlling the activities. The formulation of plans comprises of setting goals, objectives, visions, mission of the organisations and accordingly the second phase consists of putting the plans into practice. The implementations mainly focus on developing alternative strategies to reinforce previous strategies based on which the management can evaluate and control the existing strategy to enhance its effectiveness in accomplishing the organisational objectives. Thus, reassessing of the strategies is essential to examine the potential of the internal and external fact ors (Johnson. et al, 2013). In this regard, the strategic management can be considered as the guideline to obtain competitive advantage by leveraging the internal and external factors affecting the organisation. There are several internal factors that are continuously affecting the smooth functioning of the oil and gas companies in current market, which have been elaborated through the below sections (Grant, 2012). Work Force: The success of an organisation largely depends on the performance of its employees. Therefore, the process of recruitment and training should be conducted carefully to enhance the capability of the organisation. Inefficient financial condition restricts the organisations to conduct proper training and development programs in enhancing employees skills and abilities. The turnover or the absenteeism of employees affects the functioning of an organisation. Organisational Configuration: Effective structuring of job roles, specifications along with different levels of organisations will result in smooth flow of the work procedure. Proper management can easily reduce the possibilities of errors and chaos amid the workforce. However, inefficiency in the performance can pose challenge for the management to accomplish the acquired goals and objectives. Hence, inappropriate configuration of the organisation can create conflict among the supervisors and the subordinates, which ultimately leads to indecent coordination and inflexibility within the internal environment. Execution: Parallel to planning implementing the strategies is also an essential element in which the managers play a significant role to maintain the team and encourage them to follow the instruction aligning with strategic priorities. Thus, improper management can force employees to become unenthusiastic in the decision making process or other activities. Finance: Financial ability is a key factor that affects an organisation to ensure proper functioning along with risk management. Financial position of an organisation uplifts the business and helps to gain competitive advantages in the market. Thus, with the help of financial support the organisations can adapt new technologies to expand its market opportunities and preferences. Market Competition: In the recent market, competition is one of the external factors that are continuously affecting organisations in both positively and negatively. The company needs to make new strategies to compete in the market, which on one hand enhance its future potential while on the other hand can lead towards complicated scenario. Therefore, the managers need to be updated with the trending situation in the market to manage the risks and aligning them according to the organisation goal. Technology: The technological changes in the market have largely affects the cost and quality of supplying the energy. New and innovative technologies have been adopted in the energy industries such as nuclear power and solar energy to make the operations more effective for which the organisations concentrate on the improvements in conventional technologies and innovative designs in nuclear power (Oil Gas Journal, 2016). Geographic Influences: Nowadays, the numbers of organisation in the energy sector have visibly been increased for which the landscapes are dug in more depth to extract the resources. Therefore, there is a possibility of occurring geological hazard and continuous severe weather or climatic changes might become a vital threat for the energy industry. Political Legal Factor: For the extraction of oil and petrol, companies need to fulfil the statutory requirements. However, there are differences in rules and regulations based on the states or regions. Apart from this, continuously increasing rate of taxes can also become a threat for the oil and gas organisations. SWOT Analysis The weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats are evaluated considering the internal and external factors of the organisations in the energy industry. Strengths: Effective organisational structure promotes efficiency in management and successful leadership styles. To gain expected outcome from the strategy it is important to maintain appropriate leadership style within the internal environment (Robinson Scott, 2011). The oil and gas companies have more concentrated on enhancing the abilities of its workforce, which will eventually be beneficial in attaining the organisational objectives. Therefore, the companies have utilized proper execution and management style to obtain values and competitive advantages in the current market. Weaknesses: It has been apparent that the oil and gas companies face issues regarding developing the resources due to weak financial condition, which on the other hand results in large uncertainty and price volatility. Although the companies opt for merger and acquisition, the energy industry still in an uncertain position wherein the companies with lower financial support will face huge challenge to survive in the market (Ventures Africa, 2015). Opportunities: The innovative technologies have enables the energy industries to accelerate its growth in the market. The strategy provides huge opportunity specifically to the companies with comparatively weak financial condition by merging with other companies to increase its potential in long-run. The change in demographic factors such as increasing income level of the people also creates an opportunity to expand the business (Ventures Africa, 2015). Threats: Consistently increasing rate of taxes is considered as a threat to the oil and gas companies. The current price environment is unsustainable wherein wide ranges of opportunities available but for limited companies. In this circumstance, companies with lower financial support can be dominated by other competitors. Furthermore, the drilling process adopted by the companies might also give rise to certain geological hazards, resulting environmental issues (Oil Price. com, 2012). BCG Matrix The BCG matrix is the guidelines for proper allotment of resources and compare among various business entities. The BCG matrix is usually divided into two aspects namely market growth and relative market share. Growth Rate of the Market represents the increase in sales or revenues of organisations, wherein high growth rate indicates more opportunities. Relative market share measures the market share of organisations against the existing competitors in the market in which large market share indicates large number of competitors in the market (Grant, 2010). Figure 1: BCG Matrix Source: (Muilwijk, 2014) Oil and gas companies usually capture the maximum market shares across the world in which IT strategies enable the companies to adopt innovative drilling and extraction technologies. To retain the profitable position in the market, the companies must focus on the upstream for production and exploration, since it helps to obtain high profit and investment rates. The downstream consists of low capital in comparison to the upper stream (EY, 2015; Duică, et al., 2014). With the support of the merger and acquisition strategy implemented by the industry, the oil and gas companies have huge scope to expand their business along with high profitability. Companies can merge or acquire other companies that can provide geographical advantages and strengthen the financial positions. Thus, this particular strategy of merger and acquisitions enables companies to obtain competitive advantages by reducing the price and increasing the market share as well (EY, 2015; Duică, et al., 2014). In this regard, although the oil and gas companies concentrate on expansion, the market share might be still low even with high capability to prosper. To mitigate this concern, the companies can further adopt innovative technologies by using previous experience of exploration and production process (EY, 2015; Duică, et al., 2014). Involving large numbers of employees or acquiring higher position can further lead the companies towards more complicated scenario, wherein conflicts within the internal environment can become a threat. This factor can also force the companies towards downturn i.e. dog position. Therefore, maintaining the operations along with appropriate techniques and strategies help the management to run the business more effectively (EY, 2015; Duică, et al., 2014). In this perspective, it can therefore be affirmed that the strategy of merger and acquisition leads the energy industry in the star position. Due to continuous increase in operational cost and other factors the companies force to increase the oil price, which on the other hand consistently threaten to development of the industry. Thus, to improvise the profitability and the position in the market, the strategy of merger and acquisition have provided expected outcome through which the companies successfully managed the cost and other risk factors (Duică, et al., 2014). Strategy of Merger and Acquisition (MA) Applied during the Oil Price Drop, 2014-2015 MA in Strategic Management The merger and acquisitions are the part of the business strategies in which the companies are integrated together to attain growth in the industry. The decisions regarding merger and acquisitions are based on the current business status of the companies, future threats and opportunities. In addition, the success of the companies can also be determined based on the effectiveness of strategy implementation process and priorities (Pennwell Corporation, 2016). Concentrating on the oil and gas companies, in most of the situations, large companies seek to merge with the small companies with higher potential as through this it can attain profitability with own financial abilities and others potential. There are various processes to be followed by the two business entities for merger and acquisitions. However, the strategies might differ based on the company goal, strategic priorities and work process (Sunkara, et al, 2015). Merger and acquisition strategy is a common practice in the energy industry to improve their technical and financial possessions. The companies seek to merge with other companies to enter into a new market or concentrate on surviving in this competitive market. The drop in price of oil and gas during 2014-2015 forced the energy industry to adopt this particular strategy to retain its market along with high profitability (Sunkara, et al, 2015; Gupta, 2012). How the MA are Beneficial in the Oil and Gas Organisation There are several opportunities that can be availed by oil and gas companies through financial position development. The increase in profit eventually reduces the costs of capital and increases the market share. In this situation, companies intend to purchase the undervalued assets or the companies with geographic advantage, core competencies and introduce the business from new dimensions. Through this strategy the companies aim to deal with the challenges, evident in dynamic business environment. In certain circumstances, companies cannot compete with the existing competitors in the market for which they choose to merge with other companies or being acquired. Thus, it can be considered as a tool to improve their declining profit margin (Sunkara, et al, 2015; Gupta, 2012). It has often been apparent that the oil and gas companies face issues due to delay in capital projects and supply shortage. The downturn in the industry significantly indicates weaknesses of the companies, which ne eds to be corrected to remain viable in long-run. In this regard, the merger and acquisitions will enhance the abilities of the companies by expanding and diversifying the business with support of other companies in the industry (Gupta, 2012). This can be reflected through the example of Royal Dutch Shell and Britains BG Group Plc, which merged in 2015 for about $70 billion cash and stock. Through the merger, the Shell expects to expand their projects to East Africa and Latin America and the BG Group anticipates the market capitalization of about $240 billion. The merger is expected to facilitate with the savings of about $2.5 billion and thereby leveraging on the increasing cost and the spending incurred in oil and energy exploration approximately by 50% (Ventures Africa, 2015). Similarly, the companies can further enhance their business through adoption of innovative technologies, which can be cited through the example of acquisition between the Permian shale and Occidental Petroleum Corporation (OXY). The acquisition between the Permian shale and Occidental Petroleum Corporation (OXY) has enabled the OXY to enhance their productivity. This has also facilitated the OXY to adapt new technologies and enhance potential for further expansion (Mawji, 2016). The acquisitions of energy transfer to Williams made the remarkable record as Second Largest Midstream in US, which performed between the Energy Transfer Equity LP and the Williams Companies Inc., approved by the directors of both the entities valued approximately $37.7 billion (Oil Gas Financial Journal Staff, 2015). Challenges Faced After Adopting the Merger and Acquisition Strategy Parallel to the opportunities due to merger and acquisition strategy, it also contributes certain limitations to the companies in implementing this strategy or strengthening financial and technological position in the market (Alam, Khan, Zafar, 2014). The strategy of merger and acquisitions played significant role in uplifting the energy industries during period of 2014-2015 (Caves, 2008). However, there are certain other challenges faced by the oil and gas companies elaborated in the following sections: Impact on the Employees and Shareholders: Due to the merger the companies will have the opportunities to access the technology and workforce of other companies for which they might decide to downsize the number of employees. In such circumstances, dedicated employees have to leave the organisations. The stated scenario can also lead the internal environment more complicated wherein the managements face issues to encourage employees according to the organisation goal due to the presence of miscommunication and misunderstanding as well as they can also be less intrigued to participate in the decision-making activities (Khartukov, 2016; Caves, 2008). Organisational Culture: after merger and acquisition companies need to change their management and work procedure due to which the organisational culture, hierarchical flow might get affected. This factor often causes conflict and chaos within the work environment of companies. Employers need to structure new top management comprising members from both the companies for which they often face challenges in integrating common business strategies or priorities (Alam, et al., 2014; Caves, 2008). Loss of Customers: The customers are considered as the main assets for business growth and expansion. After the integration of two different companies, maintaining coordination and trust among them is a vital concern during which the management unable to accomplish the necessities of the people, which ultimately results as loss of potential customers (Alam, et al., 2014; Caves, 2008). Role Conflict: The confliction on the role is a common problem occurred after combining the two different business entities. The mangers and the employees having different organisational background and job roles might lead to confusion. The mangers might be unable to manage large numbers of employees of other companies, which often give rise to conflict on roles and responsibilities (Alam, et al., 2014; Caves, 2008). Conclusions The paper emphasized on the external and internal factors affecting oil and gas companies in the current market during the price drop in 2014-2016. The internal and external factors are illustrated by using SWOT analysis and BCG matrix presents different strategies adopted by the companies to maximize its market share. Based on the information and presented discussion, it can be concluded that the strategies of merger and acquisition have a significant role in strengthening the financial and technical resources of organisations. Although the companies are driven to follow the strategy due to low cost in oil and gas, they have successfully reinforced the current depleting business status. Apart from this, there are certain challenges evident in the process of merger and acquisition, which need to be corrected to obtain competitive advantages and gain expected outcome of the strategy. Thus, companies must develop certain techniques by concentrating on employees priorities and expectati ons of other stakeholders as well. References Alam, A., Khan, S. 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